Overview
Hemorrhoids, also called piles, are swollen masses of tissue that occur on the anus (opening through which fecal matter is expelled from the body) and within the lower rectum (lower portion of the colon or large bowel). Hemorrhoids contain blood vessels and can cause pain, bleeding, and/or itching.
Hemorrhoids often result from pressure on the rectal area caused by constipation or straining during bowel movements. They are common in people over the age of 50 and in women who are pregnant or who have recently given birth.
External hemorrhoids occur on the anus and internal hemorrhoids occur within the rectum. Internal hemorrhoids, which can protrude through the anus in some cases, are characterized by stage or degree (i.e., stage I to stage IV), depending on the severity of the condition. Internal hemorrhoids that protrude through the anal opening are called prolapsed hemorrhoids.
Incidence and Prevalence
Hemorrhoids are very common in both men and women and affect as many as half of all adults over the age of 50. It is difficult to estimate the exact prevalence of hemorrhoids because many people use over-the-counter treatments and do not seek medical attention for the condition.
Physician-developed and -monitored.
Original Date of Publication: 26 Dec 2008
Reviewed by: Stanley J. Swierzewski, III, M.D.
Last Reviewed: 23 Dec 2008
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